{"id":963,"date":"2022-11-13T13:15:13","date_gmt":"2022-11-13T12:15:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/?p=963"},"modified":"2025-07-07T11:38:29","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T09:38:29","slug":"miliriste-a-lesy-dnes-a-v-minulosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/?p=963","title":{"rendered":"Mil\u00ed\u0159i\u0161t\u011b a lesy dnes a v minulosti"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 uhl\u00ed zn\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se u\u017e z\u00fa\u010dastnil v\u00edkendov\u00e9ho grilov\u00e1n\u00ed na chalup\u011b. Mnoz\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee tento materi\u00e1l hr\u00e1l v minulosti velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch industri\u00e1ln\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 uhl\u00ed m\u00e1 jednu vlastnost, kter\u00e1 ho \u010dinila tak\u0159ka nenahraditeln\u00fdm a\u017e do konce 19. stolet\u00ed: dok\u00e1\u017ee vyprodukovat mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplotu ne\u017e surov\u00e9 d\u0159evo. Pr\u00e1v\u011b vysok\u00e9 teploty byly nezbytn\u00e9 pro taven\u00ed rud. Uhl\u00ed se vyr\u00e1b\u011blo v mil\u00ed\u0159\u00edch, tj. ve velk\u00fdch hranic\u00edch d\u0159eva zpravidla sestaven\u00fdch do kruhu, kter\u00e9 byly zakryt\u00e9, aby se v nich sn\u00ed\u017eilo mno\u017estv\u00ed kysl\u00edku. Proto\u017ee a\u017e do postaven\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b se nevyplatilo p\u0159epravovat d\u0159evo na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti jinak ne\u017e po \u0159ece, tak se mil\u00ed\u0159e stav\u011bly zpravidla v les\u00edch. M\u00edstu, kde st\u00e1l mil\u00ed\u0159, se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 mil\u00ed\u0159i\u0161t\u011b. Z\u00e1klad mil\u00ed\u0159e pot\u0159eboval rovn\u00fd ter\u00e9n, a proto byly v kopcovit\u00fdch oblastech mil\u00ed\u0159e zapu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 do svahu. B\u00fdval\u00e1 mil\u00ed\u0159i\u0161t\u011b jsou navzdory erozi \u010dasto dob\u0159e vid\u011bt i dnes. Podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch odhad\u016f jsou v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice des\u00edtky tis\u00edc zanikl\u00fdch, ale rozeznateln\u00fdch mil\u00ed\u0159i\u0161\u0165 a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch, po kter\u00fdch ji\u017e nezbyly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 viditeln\u00e9 stopy.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek k p\u0159e\u010dten\u00ed a ke sta\u017een\u00ed naleznete zde<\/a> (529 kB).<\/p>\n

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Poz\u016fstatek mil\u00ed\u0159e s mohutn\u00fdmi odvaly uhl\u00edk\u016f po obvodu. Z\u00e1kladna mil\u00ed\u0159e vyzna\u010dena \u017elut\u011b. Foto M. Dejmal<\/p><\/div>\n

V\u00edce v\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nku: Szab\u00f3 P., Van\u00ed\u010dek J., Bobek P. <\/em>& Hou\u0161ka J. (2022): Mil\u00ed\u0159i\u0161t\u011b a lesy dnes a v\u00a0minulosti. Botanika 2\/10: 14\u201316.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 uhl\u00ed zn\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo se u\u017e z\u00fa\u010dastnil v\u00edkendov\u00e9ho grilov\u00e1n\u00ed na chalup\u011b. Mnoz\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee tento materi\u00e1l hr\u00e1l v minulosti velmi d\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch industri\u00e1ln\u00edch aktivit\u00e1ch. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 uhl\u00ed m\u00e1 jednu vlastnost, kter\u00e1 ho \u010dinila tak\u0159ka nenahraditeln\u00fdm a\u017e do konce 19. stolet\u00ed: dok\u00e1\u017ee vyprodukovat mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplotu ne\u017e surov\u00e9 d\u0159evo. Pr\u00e1v\u011b vysok\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":964,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[684],"tags":[636,634],"class_list":["post-963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2022-2","tag-antrakologie","tag-uhliky"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=963"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1563,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions\/1563"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}