{"id":1589,"date":"2025-11-07T08:24:09","date_gmt":"2025-11-07T07:24:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/?p=1589"},"modified":"2026-04-21T07:35:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-21T05:35:16","slug":"mladi-potomci-nebo-davni-migranti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/?p=1589","title":{"rendered":"Mlad\u00ed potomci, nebo d\u00e1vn\u00ed migranti?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Slovo jest\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edk (latinsky <em>Hieracium<\/em>, \u010dele\u010f Asteraceae) vzbuzuje u botanik\u016f i dal\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1jemc\u016f o p\u0159\u00edrodu obavy. Obvykle se p\u0159i jeho vysloven\u00ed vybav\u00ed obrovsk\u00e1 diverzita, mno\u017estv\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b rozpoznateln\u00fdch druh\u016f, polyploidie (p\u0159\u00edtomnost t\u0159\u00ed a v\u00edce sad chromozom\u016f) a apomixie, tj. vznik semen bez oplozen\u00ed, a tud\u00ed\u017e produkce geneticky shodn\u00e9ho potomstva. A mo\u017en\u00e1 i to, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme rozli\u0161ovat tzv. hlavn\u00ed nebo z\u00e1kladn\u00ed druhy a vedlej\u0161\u00ed druhy, kter\u00e9 vznikly v minulosti k\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00edm v t\u00e9 dob\u011b asi diploidn\u00edch hlavn\u00edch druh\u016f a n\u00e1slednou polyploidizac\u00ed a p\u0159echodem k apomixii. V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b u\u017e ale vid\u00edme jen \u201ezamrzl\u00e9\u201c v\u00fdsledky d\u00e1vn\u00fdch evolu\u010dn\u00edch proces\u016f.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/11\/4_225-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1579\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/11\/4_225-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/11\/4_225-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/11\/4_225-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/11\/4_225-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/11\/4_225-1536x1021.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2025\/11\/4_225-2048x1362.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Jest\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edk alpsk\u00fd (<em>Hieracium alpinum<\/em>) m\u00e1 syt\u011b \u017elut\u00e9 kv\u011bty. Foto P. Mr\u00e1z<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Slovo jest\u0159\u00e1bn\u00edk (latinsky Hieracium, \u010dele\u010f Asteraceae) vzbuzuje u botanik\u016f i dal\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1jemc\u016f o p\u0159\u00edrodu obavy. Obvykle se p\u0159i jeho vysloven\u00ed vybav\u00ed obrovsk\u00e1 diverzita, mno\u017estv\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b rozpoznateln\u00fdch druh\u016f, polyploidie (p\u0159\u00edtomnost t\u0159\u00ed a v\u00edce sad chromozom\u016f) a apomixie, tj. vznik semen bez oplozen\u00ed, a tud\u00ed\u017e produkce geneticky shodn\u00e9ho potomstva. A mo\u017en\u00e1 i to, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme rozli\u0161ovat tzv. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1579,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[698],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2025-2"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1589"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1590,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1589\/revisions\/1590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1579"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ibot.cas.cz\/botanika\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}